{"id":6086,"date":"2021-09-12T09:56:07","date_gmt":"2021-09-12T00:56:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.emukk.com\/WP\/?p=6086"},"modified":"2021-09-12T16:33:34","modified_gmt":"2021-09-12T07:33:34","slug":"tim-3-is-overexpressed-on-cd4-t-cells-in-both-covid-19-severe-patients-than-in-healthy-individual","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.emukk.com\/WP\/en\/tim-3-is-overexpressed-on-cd4-t-cells-in-both-covid-19-severe-patients-than-in-healthy-individual\/","title":{"rendered":"TIM-3 is overexpressed on CD4<sup>+<\/sup> T cells in both COVID-19 severe patients than in healthy individual"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A group from University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran, etc. has reported curious phenomena observed in subsets of CD4<sup>+<\/sup> T cells in COVID-19 severe patients comparing in healthy individuals.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/iid3.526\">https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/iid3.526<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Overexpression of TIM-3 on CD4<sup>+<\/sup> T cells was observed in both critical and moderate\/severe patients than in healthy individuals, and also CD4<sup>+<\/sup> TIM-3<sup>+<\/sup> CD39<sup>+<\/sup> lymphocytes were significantly higher in the critical patients than in healthy individuals.<\/p>\n<p>Total lymphocytes were remarkably decreased in moderate\/severe and critical COVID-19 patients compared with healthy individuals. That is because T cells migrate out of blood vessels into interstitial lung tissue resulting in peripheral T cell lymphopenia. However, regarding the frequency of CD4<sup>+<\/sup> lymphocytes, no significant difference was observed in all groups. In contrast, besides the total lymphocytes, CD8<sup>+<\/sup> lymphocytes were significantly decreased in both ICU and non-ICU COVID-19 patients compared with healthy individuals.<\/p>\n<p>TIM-3 is one of markers of exhausted T cells. Galectin-9 (Gal-9) is one of the TIM-3 ligands, and it has demonstrated that interaction between TIM-3\/Gal-9 induces apoptosis of Th1 cells. CD39 is known as an ectoenzyme producing extracellular adenosine by hydrolase of extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Injured cells secrete extracellular ATP, resulting in pro-inflammatory responses.<\/p>\n<p>Why these subpopulations of CD4<sup>+<\/sup> T-cells increase in COVID-19 is curious and it must be important to maintain those residual lymphocytes vigorously.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.emukk.com\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/TIM-3-on-CD4-T-cell_COVID-19.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.emukk.com\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/TIM-3-on-CD4-T-cell_COVID-19-300x164.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"164\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-6077\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.emukk.com\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/TIM-3-on-CD4-T-cell_COVID-19-300x164.png 300w, https:\/\/www.emukk.com\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/TIM-3-on-CD4-T-cell_COVID-19-600x329.png 600w, https:\/\/www.emukk.com\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/TIM-3-on-CD4-T-cell_COVID-19.png 746w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A group from University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran, etc. has reported curious phenomena observed in subs<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"blog-btn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.emukk.com\/WP\/en\/tim-3-is-overexpressed-on-cd4-t-cells-in-both-covid-19-severe-patients-than-in-healthy-individual\/\" class=\"home-blog-btn\">\u7d9a\u304d\u3092\u8aad\u3080<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[70],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6086","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nature-en"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emukk.com\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6086","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emukk.com\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emukk.com\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emukk.com\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emukk.com\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6086"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.emukk.com\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6086\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6101,"href":"https:\/\/www.emukk.com\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6086\/revisions\/6101"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emukk.com\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6086"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emukk.com\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6086"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emukk.com\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6086"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}